Krebs von den Lungen-6 as biomarker of the new progressive fibrotic phenotype of interstitial lung disease.

Background: Novel progressive fibrotic phenotype has recently been proposed characterized by progressive and inexorable worsening of the disease. Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) has been proposed as fibrotic-ILD biomarker. We aimed to assess the role of KL-6 in fibrotic-ILD and the progressive phenotype in accordance with serial serum KL-6.

Evaluation of factors that act as barriers in conducting academic trials - An investigator's perception.

Background: Academic trials are essential in investigating health research questions relevant to the society. Only a few leading research institutions in India have been engaged in academic trials. Thus, there is a need to understand what factors dampen the spirit of the academician in conducting academic clinical trials.

Diagnostic role of minor salivary glands biopsy in Sjögren's syndrome: correlations between histology and autoimmunity in a large, monocentric cohort.

Introduction: Based on ACR/EULAR classification criteria, minor salivary glands biopsy (MSGB) is a useful diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS). The main objective of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic role of MSGB, as well as to highlight correlations between histological findings and autoimmune profiles.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated histological and autoimmunity data from patients who underwent MSGB in our department in cases of suspected SS, from March 2011 to December 2018.

The effect of phthalocyanine's periphery on the biological activities of carbazole-containing metal phthalocyanines.

This study reports the synthesis and characterization of two new mono- and di-substituted phthalonitriles namely 4-((9-carbazol-3-yl)oxy)-5-chlorophthalonitrile and 4,5-bis((9-carbazol-3-yl)oxy)phthalonitrile, respectively. Cyclotetramerization of the new phthalonitriles in the presence of zinc(II) acetate resulted in related zinc(II) phthalocyanines. To study the effect of the position and number of substituents on the biological properties of the phthalocyanines, peripherally or non-peripherally tetra-substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines bearing (9-carbazol-3-yl)oxy groups, as well as axially di-substituted silicon phthalocyanines containing the same groups, were prepared.