[Unspecified encephalitis in HIV-infected patients: clinical and postmortem evaluation].

Background: The search for an aetiology of central nervous system (CNS) lesions In HIV patients can be extremely challenging.

Aim: To establish the nature and character of CNS lesion according to the data of pathological examination of deceased HIV-patients who had an antemortem clinical diagnosis of unspecified encephalitis.

Materials And Methods: We analysed clinical and laboratory data of 225 HIV-patients admitted to the ICU at the Infectious Clinical Hospital №2 (Moscow, 2018).

[A case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a HIV-infected female patient].

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) caused by JC virus is a severe central nervous lesion developing in the presence of obvious immunodeficiency. In most cases, the disease results in a fatal outcome within a few months. Antiretroviral therapy is currently considered to be the only method for the prevention and treatment of PML in HIV-infected patients.