The mitochondrial membrane potential and the sources of reactive oxygen species in the hemocytes of the ark clam Anadara kagoshimensis under hypoosmotic stress.

To compensate for changes in cell volume caused by changes in salt concentration, mollusks use regulatory mechanisms such as the regulation of volume decrease (RVD). This may increase the rate of aerobic metabolism and lead to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study examined the production of ROS in the mitochondria of Anadara kagoshiensis hemocytes, the effect of mitochondrial inhibitors on osmotic stability in hemocytes, and the dynamics of changes in ROS levels and mitochondrial membrane potential when RVD is activated under hypo-osmotic conditions.

Mediterranean Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) Under Salinity Stress: Effects on Antioxidant Capacity and Gill Structure.

Bivalve mollusks frequently experience salinity fluctuations that may drive oxidative stress (OS) in the organism. Here we investigated OS markers and histopathological changes in gills and hemolymph of Mediterranean mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 exposed to a wide range of salinities (6, 10, 14, 24, and 30 ppt). Mussels were captured at the shellfish farm with the salinity 18 ppt and then exposed to hypo- and hypersaline conditions in the laboratory.

Impacts of ocean acidification and hypoxia on cellular immunity, oxygen consumption and antioxidant status in Mediterranean mussel.

There is growing recognition that the hypoxic regions of the ocean are also becoming more acidic due to increasing levels of global carbon dioxide emissions. The impact of water acidification on marine life is largely unknown, as most previous studies have not taken into account the effects of hypoxia, which may affect how organisms respond to low pH levels. In this study, we experimentally examined the consequences of water acidification in combination with normoxic or hypoxic conditions on cellular immune parameters in Mediterranean mussels.

Toxic effect of mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to Ag-TiO and ZnTiO-TiO bicomponent nanoparticles.

Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in various fields, including antifouling paints for ships and industrial structures submerged in water. The potential impact of NPs on aquatic organisms, particularly their potential toxicity, is a significant concern, as their negative impact has been relatively poorly studied. In this study, we evaluated the effect of different concentrations of bimetallic Ag-TiO₂ and ZnTi₂O₄-TiO₂ NPs, which could potentially be used in antifouling coatings, on the hemocytes of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis.