Spatiotemporal immune atlas of a clinical-grade gene-edited pig-to-human kidney xenotransplant.

Pig-to-human xenotransplantation is rapidly approaching the clinical arena; however, it is unclear which immunomodulatory regimens will effectively control human immune responses to pig xenografts. Here, we transplant a gene-edited pig kidney into a brain-dead human recipient on pharmacologic immunosuppression and study the human immune response to the xenograft using spatial transcriptomics and single-cell RNA sequencing. Human immune cells are uncommon in the porcine kidney cortex early after xenotransplantation and consist of primarily myeloid cells.

Mechanisms of telomere maintenance and associated therapeutic vulnerabilities in malignant gliomas.

A majority of cancers (~85%) activate the enzyme telomerase to maintain telomere length over multiple rounds of cellular division. Telomerase-negative cancers activate a distinct, telomerase-independent mechanism of telomere maintenance termed alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). ALT uses homologous recombination to maintain telomere length and exhibits features of break-induced DNA replication.

Cutaneous Arsenical Exposure Induces Distinct Metabolic Transcriptional Alterations of Kidney Cells.

Arsenicals are deadly chemical warfare agents that primarily cause death through systemic capillary fluid leakage and hypovolemic shock. Arsenical exposure is also known to cause acute kidney injury, a condition that contributes to arsenical-associated death due to the necessity of the kidney in maintaining whole-body fluid homeostasis. Because of the global health risk that arsenicals pose, a nuanced understanding of how arsenical exposure can lead to kidney injury is needed.

Simulation of the COVID-19 handling policy in Indonesia.

Background: This study's background was inspired by the current COVID-19 handling policy, which focuses on the balance of public health and social economy. However, there is a knowledge gap on the dynamic complexity of balancing public health and social economy during the new normal period of COVID-19 handling policy. A system dynamics simulation of the COVID-19 handling policy could be used to understand that gap.