Laser-induced Forward Transfer Hydrogel Printing: A Defined Route for Highly Controlled Process.

Laser-induced forward transfer is a versatile, non-contact, and nozzle-free printing technique which has demonstrated high potential for different printing applications with high resolution. In this article, three most widely used hydrogels in bioprinting (2% hyaluronic acid sodium salt, 1% methylcellulose, and 1% sodium alginate) were used to study laser printing processes. For this purpose, the authors applied a laser system based on a pulsed infrared laser (1064 nm wavelength, 8 ns pulse duration, 1 - 5 J/cm laser fluence, and 30 μm laser spot size).

Laser MICROSAMPLING of soil microbial community.

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Laser printing of microbial systems: effect of absorbing metal film.

Recently, it was shown that laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) technology and the laser engineering of microbial systems (LEMS) technique (based on LIFT method) are effective for isolation of micro-organisms from different complex substrates. These techniques frequently utilize Au as an absorbing layer material. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of absorbing film materials (Au, Ti and Cr) on the effectiveness of laser printing of micro-organisms to improve LEMS and LIFT techniques.

Results of the carotid and the differential jugular compression tests in normal and glaucomatous patients.

A carotid compression tonographic test was performed in 53 normal persons and 40 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Fifty normal and 58 glaucomatous patients were investigated by a differential jugular compression test. In the glaucomatous eyes as compared to the normal eyes the volume changes in the eyeball were found to be significantly greater during compression of the common carotid artery and significantly less under the influence of the jugular compression test.