Effects provided by sugar substitutes upon the quality indicators of model systems of sweetened condensed milk in storage.

Sweetened condensed milk (SCM) is a product widely used by both consumers and other food production branches. However, it contains a lot of sucrose. This study aimed to examine the effects provided by sugar substitutes-trehalose, isomaltulose, and polydextrose-upon the SCM sensory profile and valuable quality indicators, such as water activity (Aw), viscosity, acidity, crystal size, and Maillard reaction potential (browning index, color change, loss of free AA).

Efficacy and safety following two or more years of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS Therapy) in pediatric patients with drug-resistant epilepsy enrolled in a Russian VNS Registry.

Introduction: Following approval in 2009 of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS Therapy) for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) in the Russian Federation, this is the first multicenter study across Russia to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adjunctive VNS Therapy.

Methods: The retrospective, observational registry included 58 pediatric patients with DRE (5-17 years old at implantation) who had ≥2 years of VNS. To ensure a robust evaluation process, changes in seizure frequency were evaluated for all seizure types as well as "most disabling" seizures (defined as seizures accompanied by falls, physical trauma, and/or incontinence in the absence of preventative measures).

Effect of Gene Polymorphism on the Formation of Milk Gels Induced by Physical, Chemical, and Biotechnological Factors.

During the last decade, research into genetic markers in the casein gene cluster has been actively introduced in cattle breeding programs. A special interest has been paid to the polymorphism of the gene, responsible for the expression of the k-casein, playing a key role in protein coagulation, interaction with whey proteins, stabilization, and aggregation of casein micelles. This paper aimed to determine the effect of genetic polymorphism on acid; rennet; acid-rennet; heat- and acid-induced as well as heat- and calcium-induced coagulation in skimmed milk; and protein-standardized milk systems (UF, NF, RO, VE).

[Approaches to the correction of auditory tube dysfunction in children with allergic rhinitis].

Unlabelled: Allergic diseases are a global public health problem. One of the most common among them is allergic rhinitis (AR), which affects up to 40% of adults and 2-25% of children.

Objective: To assess the state of ventilation of the middle ear in various forms of AR in children and the effectiveness of drug correction.

Pediatric Encephalopathy: Clinical, Biochemical and Cellular Insights into the Role of Gln52 of and for the Dominant Disease.

Heterotrimeric G proteins are immediate transducers of G protein-coupled receptors-the biggest receptor family in metazoans-and play innumerate functions in health and disease. A set of de novo point mutations in and , the genes encoding the α-subunits (Gαo and Gαi1, respectively) of the heterotrimeric G proteins, have been described to cause pediatric encephalopathies represented by epileptic seizures, movement disorders, developmental delay, intellectual disability, and signs of neurodegeneration. Among such mutations, the Gln52Pro substitutions have been previously identified in and .