Intraoperative tumor lysis syndrome in a giant teratoma: a case report.

Background: Tumor lysis syndrome is an unusual metabolic emergency in solid tumors. Perioperative occurrence of this syndrome is extremely rare but may have fatal consequences if not detected and treated on time.

Case Report: We report a 19-year patient with testicular germ cell tumor after first line chemotherapy with giant growing teratoma syndrome in retroperitoneum.

[Importance of lymphangiogenesis and ultrastructure of lymphatic capillaries in metastasis of malignant melanoma].

Lymphangiogenesis - proliferation of lymphatic capillaries - in melanoma and in its vicinity plays an important role in metastatic process of malign melanoma cells in organism. Melanoma produces epidermal growth factor EGF which induces vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF-C and thereby starts lymphangiogenesis. It is very probable that malignant melanoma cells enter lymphatic capillaries also through specialized inter-endothelial junctions (endothelial microvalves, primary valves) situated in their walls.

[Sentinel lymph node in malignant melanoma].

Melanoma is highly malignant tumor which arises through malignant transformation of melanocytes. Surgical treatment of primary cutaneous melanoma including radical excision and intervention in regional lymphatic drainage is irreplaceable. Sentinel node biopsy is a recognized method of defining the stage of disease.

[Structure and function of lymphatic capillaries in synovial joint].

The review article focuses on the structure and function of lymphatic capillaries in connective tissues of skin, muscles and synovial membrane. Lymphatic capillaries (initial lymphatics) are formed from endothelial cells mutually arranged so that their intercellular junctions have different structure. In one of the different types of intercellular junctions the distal ends of endothelial cells overlap one another in the form of projections.