Publications by authors named "E Robert-Gnansia"

Objectives: Waste incineration releases a mixture of chemicals with high embryotoxic potential, including heavy metals and dioxins/furans, into the atmosphere. In a previous ecological study we found an association between the risk of urinary tract birth defects and residence in the vicinity of municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs). The objective of the present study was to specifically test this association.

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To evaluate whether the routinely collected data in birth defect registries could be used to assess association between medications and risk for congenital anomalies an "exposed case-only" design was performed. Twelve registries provided 18,131 cases exposed to a medication during the first trimester of pregnancy and with at least one major malformation. Odds ratios for malformations associated with maternal use of selected medications were computed.

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Objectives: To identify preferential associations between oral clefts (CL = cleft lip only, CLP = cleft lip with cleft palate, CP = cleft palate) and nonoral cleft anomalies, to interpret them on clinical grounds, and, based on the patterns of associated defects, to establish whether CL and CLP are different conditions.

Design And Settings: Included were 1416 cleft cases (CL = 131, CLP = 565, CP = 720), among 8304 live- and stillborn infants with multiple congenital anomalies, from 6,559,028 births reported to the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research by 15 registries between 1994 and 2004. Rates of associated anomalies were established, and multinomial logistic regressions applied to identify significant associations.

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Maternal tobacco consumption is considered as a risk factor for nonsyndromic oral clefts. However, this risk is moderate and may be modulated by genetic susceptibilities, including variants of the TGFA, TGFB3 and MSX1 developmental genes and polymorphisms of genes of the CYP (1A1, 2E1) and GST (M1, T1) families involved in metabolic pathways of tobacco smoke compounds. This French case-control study (1998-2001; 240 nonsyndromic cases, 236 controls) included a case-parent design (175 triad-families) that made it possible to distinguish the direct effect of the child's genotype and maternally mediated effects.

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Objective: To assess the safety of calcium channel blockers during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Study Design: A multicenter (n=11), prospective observational study of the European Network of Teratology Information Services (ENTIS). The rate of major birth defects was compared between a cohort of pregnant women exposed to calcium channel blockers during the first trimester (n=299) and a control group not exposed to potential teratogens (n=806).

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