A multiphysics hybrid continuum - agent-based model of in vitro vascularized organoids.

Background: Organoids are 3D in vitro models that fulfill a hierarchical function, representing a small version of living tissues and, therefore, a good approximation of cellular mechanisms. However, one of the main disadvantages of these models is the appearance of a necrotic core due to poor vascularization. The aim of this work is the development of a numerical framework that incorporates the mechanical stimulation as a key factor in organoid vascularization.

On the influence of structural and chemical properties on the elastic modulus of woven bone under healing.

Introduction: Woven bone, a heterogeneous and temporary tissue in bone regeneration, is remodeled by osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity and shaped by mechanical stress to restore healthy tissue properties. Characterizing this tissue at different length scales is crucial for developing micromechanical models that optimize mechanical parameters, thereby controlling regeneration and preventing non-unions.

Methods: This study examines the temporal evolution of the mechanical properties of bone distraction callus using nanoindentation, ash analysis, micro-CT for trabecular microarchitecture, and Raman spectroscopy for mineral quality.

Quantitative atlas of collagen hydrogels reveals mesenchymal cancer cell traction adaptation to the matrix nanoarchitecture.

Collagen-based hydrogels are commonly used in mechanobiology to mimic the extracellular matrix. A quantitative analysis of the influence of collagen concentration and properties on the structure and mechanics of the hydrogels is essential for tailored design adjustments for specific in vitro conditions. We combined focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy and rheology to provide a detailed quantitative atlas of the mechanical and nanoscale three-dimensional structural alterations that occur when manipulating different hydrogel's physicochemistry.

Mechanics Predicts Effective Critical-Size Bone Regeneration Using 3D-Printed Bioceramic Scaffolds.

Background: 3D-printed bioceramic scaffolds have gained popularity due to their controlled microarchitecture and their proven biocompatibility. However, their high brittleness makes their surgical implementation complex for weight-bearing bone treatments. Thus, they would require difficult-to-instrument rigid internal fixations that limit a rigorous evaluation of the regeneration progress through the analysis of mechanic-structural parameters.