Publications by authors named "E Reale"
Article Synopsis
- Alternative plasticizers like DINCH, DEHTP, and DEHA are being used to replace phthalates in products due to reproductive concerns associated with phthalates.
- A study aimed to assess how well these substitutes are absorbed through human skin and confirmed the findings with human volunteer tests, measuring metabolite levels in urine.
- Results indicated that DEHTP and DINCH did not significantly penetrate the skin, while DEHA had minimal absorption; consequently, participants showed low levels of urinary metabolites after exposure.
Article Synopsis
- Population studies indicate that many people are exposed to phthalates, chemicals linked to various health concerns, making it crucial to understand how they are absorbed through the skin and eliminated from the body.
- This study specifically examines the skin permeation of three phthalates (d4-DEHP, d4-DBP, and d4-DEP) and found that they can cross the skin barrier and are metabolized into smaller forms called monoesters before being excreted in urine.
- Results revealed that phthalates in an emulsion (a mixture with PEG) were absorbed more effectively through the skin compared to their neat forms, with different absorption rates and urinary excretion patterns observed
Pilot Study for a Model for the Collection of Waiting Lists Data.
Stud Health Technol Inform
May 2024
The analysis of data on waiting lists in Italy is regulated by the PNGLA (National Plan for the Governance of Waiting Lists). However, the Plan does not specify the characteristics of the data to be returned by the Regions for the purposes of monitoring, with the result that it is frequently either in aggregate form, unreadable, or incomplete, and therefore cannot be analysed in any meaningful way. Fondazione the Bridge and AGENAS, with the University of Genoa and the University of Pavia, conducted a pilot study on a methodological model for the collection of waiting lists data.
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- Human health risk assessment traditionally relies on animal testing, guided by OECD standards, but newer methods using human-relevant in vitro models and computational approaches are proving advantageous.
- The evolution of Next Generation Risk Assessment (NGRA) emphasizes new methodologies and physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modeling, yet often overlooks the integration of human biomonitoring (HBM) data, which is key to enhancing risk assessment accuracy.
- Combining toxicokinetics, PBK models, and HBM data allows for a more comprehensive understanding of chemical exposure impacts, moving away from animal-based methods toward human-centered assessments that consider aggregate and cumulative exposures.
Background: Chemicals are not required to be tested systematically for their neurotoxic potency, although they may contribute to the development of several neurological diseases. The absence of systematic testing may be partially explained by the current Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Test Guidelines, which rely on animal experiments that are expensive, laborious, and ethically debatable. Therefore, it is important to understand the risks to exposed workers and the general population exposed to domestic products.
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