Immune Checkpoint Blockade Delays Cancer Development and Extends Survival in DNA Polymerase Mutator Syndromes.

Mutations in the exonuclease domains of the replicative nuclear DNA polymerases POLD1 and POLE are associated with increased cancer incidence, elevated tumor mutation burden (TMB), and enhanced response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Although ICB is approved for treatment of several cancers, not all tumors with elevated TMB respond, highlighting the need for a better understanding of how TMB affects tumor biology and subsequently immunotherapy response. To address this, we generated mice with germline and conditional mutations in the exonuclease domains of Pold1 and Pole.

Reader's digest version of scientific writing: comparative evaluation of summarization capacity between large language models and medical students in analyzing scientific writing in sleep medicine.

Introduction: As artificial intelligence systems like large language models (LLM) and natural language processing advance, the need to evaluate their utility within medicine and medical education grows. As medical research publications continue to grow exponentially, AI systems offer valuable opportunities to condense and synthesize information, especially in underrepresented areas such as Sleep Medicine. The present study aims to compare summarization capacity between LLM generated summaries of sleep medicine research article abstracts, to summaries generated by Medical Student (humans) and to evaluate if the research content, and literary readability summarized is retained comparably.

A precision oncology-focused deep learning framework for personalized selection of cancer therapy.

Precision oncology matches tumors to targeted therapies based on the presence of actionable molecular alterations. However, most tumors lack actionable alterations, restricting treatment options to cytotoxic chemotherapies for which few data-driven prioritization strategies currently exist. Here, we report an integrated computational/experimental treatment selection approach applicable for both chemotherapies and targeted agents irrespective of actionable alterations.

Slab-Specific Projection-Resolved Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography for Enhancing En Face Polyp Detection in Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy.

Purpose: A projection-resolved optical coherence tomography angiography (PR-OCTA) algorithm with slab-specific strategy was applied in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) to differentiate between polyp and branching vascular network (BVN) and improve polyp detection by en face OCTA.

Methods: Twenty-nine participants diagnosed with PCV by indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and 30 participants diagnosed with typical neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) were enrolled. Polyps were classified into three categories after using the slab-specific PR algorithm.