Activation of G protein gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels in keratinocytes mediates peripheral kappa opioid receptor-mediated antinociception.

Kappa opioid receptors (KOR) expressed by peripheral pain-sensing neurons (nociceptors) are a promising target for development of effective and safer analgesics for inflammatory pain that are devoid of central nervous system adverse effects. Here we sought to delineate the signaling pathways that underlie peripheral KOR-mediated antinociception in adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. In an inflammatory model of pain, local intraplantar (i.

Spatial and temporal (annual and decadal) trends of metal(loid) concentrations and loads in an acid mine drainage-affected river.

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a worldwide problem that degrades river systems and is difficult and expensive to remediate. To protect affected catchments, it is vital to understand the behaviour of AMD-related metal(loid) contaminants as a function of space and time. To address this, the sources, loads and transport mechanisms of arsenic (As), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and sulfur (S) in a representative AMD-affected catchment (the Carnon River in Cornwall, UK) were determined over a 12-month sampling period and with 22 years of monitoring data collected by the Environment Agency (England) (EA).

Impaired oxidative phosphorylation drives primary tumor escape and metastasis.

Metastasis causes most cancer deaths and reflects transitions from primary tumor escape to seeding and growth at metastatic sites. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is important early in metastasis to enable cancer cells to detach from neighboring cells, become migratory, and escape the primary tumor. While different phases of metastasis expose cells to variable nutrient environments and demands, the metabolic requirements and plasticity of each step are uncertain.

Molecular-Level Insights into Recalcitrant Ozonation Products from Effluent Organic Matter.

Wastewater ozonation is commonly employed to enhance the subsequent biodegradation of effluent organic matter (EfOM) and contaminants of concern. However, there is evidence suggesting the formation of recalcitrant ozonation products (OPs) from EfOM. To investigate the biodegradability of OPs we conducted batch biodegradation experiments using wastewater effluent ozonated with mass-labeled (O) ozone.

A Pilot Study of a Novel Dietary Intervention Targeting Ultra-Processed Food Intake.

Background: Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are harmful to health but ubiquitous in the modern food environment, comprising almost 60% of the average American diet. This study assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a novel behavioral intervention designed to reduce UPF intake.

Methods: Fourteen adults participated in an 8-week pilot intervention, which consisted of weekly group sessions, individual meal planning sessions, and financial support.