Diethylhexyl phthalate magnifies deposition of C-bisphenol A in reproductive tissues of mice.

Endocrine disrupting chemicals are found in diverse common products, including cosmetics, food packaging, thermal receipt paper and plastic containers. This exposes most people in developed countries through ingestion, skin absorption and inhalation. Two ubiquitous endocrine disrupting chemicals, bisphenol A (BPA) and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) can interact in disrupting blastocyst implantation in inseminated females.

Concurrent administration of diethylhexyl phthalate reduces the threshold dose at which bisphenol A disrupts blastocyst implantation and cadherins in mice.

Many people are repeatedly exposed to both bisphenol A (BPA) and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), but there has been little research concerning their effects in combination. Both can disrupt blastocyst implantation in inseminated females, albeit at high doses. We exposed mice on gestation days (GD) 1-4 to combinations of BPA and DEHP in doses below the threshold necessary to disrupt implantation on their own.

Stress lowers the threshold dose at which bisphenol A disrupts blastocyst implantation, in conjunction with decreased uterine closure and e-cadherin.

Exposure to stress can disrupt blastocyst implantation in inseminated female mice, and evidence implicates elevation of the female's estrogen:progesterone ratio. Exposure to the xenoestrogen, bisphenol A (BPA) can also disrupt implantation. Undisturbed control female CF-1 mice were compared to other females that were exposed to predators (rats) across a wire-mesh grid during gestation days (GD) 1-4, a procedure that elevates corticosterone but does not on its own disrupt implantation in this genetic strain.

Assessing normal growth of hepatic hemangiomas during long-term follow-up.

Importance: Few long-term data describe the natural history of hepatic hemangiomas. Because these lesions are frequently imaged repetitively on studies performed for other indications, health care professionals are commonly confronted with the problem of a growing hemangioma. Because the rate and magnitude of normal growth is not well characterized, it is difficult to recognize lesions growing at an abnormal rate, which may require further evaluation or intervention.

Circulating and urinary adrenal corticosterone, progesterone, and estradiol in response to acute stress in female mice (Mus musculus).

In studies of stress, it can be difficult to obtain blood rapidly enough to avoid confounding steroid measures. Noninvasive urinary steroid measures may provide an alternative insofar as they reflect systemic steroids. In Experiment 1, we profiled urinary corticosterone, progesterone, and estradiol in ovariectomized female mice following 1 h on an elevated platform.