Dual nitrogen and phosphorus reductions are needed for long-term mitigation of eutrophication and harmful cyanobacterial blooms in the hydrologically-variable San Francisco Bay Delta, CA.

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) are a major concern for water quality, public health and viability of aquatic ecosystems. Increased inputs of nutrients, i.e.

Exploring factors that affect Microcystis abundance in the sacramento san joaquin delta.

Cyanobacteria harmful algal blooms (cHABs) are increasing in frequency, intensity and duration in estuaries worldwide. In the upper San Francisco Estuary, also known as the Sacramento San Joaquin Delta (Delta), cHABs have been a topic of concern over the past two decades. In response, managers are urgently working to understand the factors that drive cHABs and identify feasible management options to avert ecological and human health consequences.

Microcystins in the benthic food-web of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California.

Harmful cyanobacteria blooms are a growing threat in estuarine waters as upstream blooms are exported into coastal environments. Cyanobacteria can produce potent toxins, one of which-hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs)-can persist and accumulate within the food web. Filter-feeding invertebrates may biomagnify toxins up to 100× ambient concentrations.

Use of multiple sampling techniques for cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin monitoring in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta under different hydrologic regimes.

Cyanobacteria harmful algal blooms (CHABs) are a growing water quality problem in the upper San Francisco Estuary (California), also known as the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. We conducted cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin monitoring from 2020 to 2023, which spanned California's driest consecutive 3-year period and one of the wettest years on record (2023). To assess the impact of CHABs over this range of hydrologic conditions, we monitored invasive Asian Clams (Corbicula fluminea) for microcystin contamination and used molecular tools (qPCR and sequencing) to characterize cyanobacteria in the water column.

Grading lumbar foraminal stenosis - Interrater agreement of radiologists and radiology trainees before and after education of a standardised grading scale.

Introduction: Lumbar foraminal stenosis is a key contributor to low back pain. Imaging, particularly MRI, is commonly used in the assessment of foraminal stenosis, contributing to treatment planning. The adoption of a standardised grading system to try and improve inter-rater agreement is thought to be of importance.