Food-grade titanium dioxide can affect microbiota physiology, adhesion capability, and interbacterial interactions: A study on L. rhamnosus and E. faecium.

Food-grade titanium dioxide (TiO-FG) is a widespread metal oxide used in the food industries. Recently, the European Food Safety Authority concluded that TiO-FG cannot be considered safe for consumption due to its genotoxicity; however, its effect on the gut microbiota has not yet been completely unraveled. We studied the effects of TiO-FG (0.

Putative probiotics decrease cell viability and enhance chemotherapy effectiveness in human cancer cells: role of butyrate and secreted proteins.

Recent advances have highlighted probiotic role in preventing colorectal cancer, by promoting differentiation, inhibiting proliferation, and inducing apoptosis in colonocytes. Here, three ascertained probiotics (L. rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103, L.

Norepinephrine and Serotonin Can Modulate the Behavior of the Probiotic NCIMB10415 towards the Host: Is a Putative Surface Sensor Involved?

The human gut microbiota has co-evolved with humans by exchanging bidirectional signals. This study aims at deepening the knowledge of this crucial relationship by analyzing phenotypic and interactive responses of the probiotic NCIMB10415 ( SF68) to the top-down signals norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5HT), two neuroactive molecules abundant in the gut. We treated NCIMB10415 with 100 µM NE and 50 µM 5HT and tested its ability to form static biofilm (Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy), adhere to the Caco-2/TC7 monolayer, affect the epithelial barrier function (Transepithelial Electrical Resistance) and human dendritic cells (DC) maturation, differentiation, and cytokines production.

PHA Production from Cheese Whey and "Scotta": Comparison between a Consortium and a Pure Culture of .

It is urgent to expand the market of biodegradable alternatives to oil-derived plastics owing to (i) increasingly limited oil availability/accessibility, and (ii) the dramatic impact of traditional plastics on aquatic life, the food chain, all Earth ecosystems, and ultimately, human health. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are promising biodegradable polymers that can be obtained through microbial fermentation of agro-industrial byproducts, e.g.