Diversity of interpretations of the concept "patient-centered care for breast cancer patients"; a scoping review of current literature.

Rationale, Aims And Objectives: Patient-centered care is considered a vital component of good quality care for breast cancer patients. Nevertheless, the implementation of this valuable concept in clinical practice appears to be difficult. The goal of this study is to bridge the gap between theoretical elaboration of "patient-centered care" and clinical practice.

Anesthesia Geriatric Evaluation (AGE): A Care-Ethical Perspective of a Multi-Disciplinary Approach for Tailored Preoperative Interventions.

Frailty is considered to be an important risk factor for mortality in hospitalized patients. This study evaluates a preoperative frailty-screening tool called Anesthesia Geriatric Evaluation (AGE). Research into the concept of frailty, with a focus on multidisciplinary team meetings, may provide further insight for health care professionals in the understanding of frailty in everyday care situations.

Replacement, Reduction, Refinement - Animal welfare progress in European Pharmacopoeia monographs: activities of the European Pharmacopoeia Commission from 2007 to 2017.

Since the opening for signature of the European Convention for the Protection of Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes in 1986, the European Pharmacopoeia Commission and its experts have carried out a programme of work committed to Replacing, Reducing and Refining (3Rs) the use of animals for test purposes. While updates on achievements in the field of the 3Rs are regularly provided, this article summarises the activities of the Ph. Eur.

Interactions Between phyB and PIF Proteins Alter Thermal Reversion Reactions in vitro.

The dynamic behavior of the plant red/far-red light photoreceptor phytochrome B (phyB) has been elucidated in natural and synthetic systems. Red light switches phyB from the inactive Pr state to the active Pfr state, a process that is reversed by far-red light. Alongside light signals, phyB activity is constrained by thermal reversion (that is prominent in the dark) and protein-protein interactions between phyB, other phytochrome molecules, and, among others, PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs).

Unearthing the transition rates between photoreceptor conformers.

Background: Obtaining accurate estimates of biological or enzymatic reaction rates is critical in understanding the design principles of a network and how biological processes can be experimentally manipulated on demand. In many cases experimental limitations mean that some enzymatic rates cannot be measured directly, requiring mathematical algorithms to estimate them. Here, we describe a methodology that calculates rates at which light-regulated proteins switch between conformational states.