Poststroke cognitive outcome is better accounted for by white matter abnormalities automated segmentation than visual analysis.

Background And Aims: The association between white matter abnormalities (WMA) and cognitive decline previously reported in poststroke patients has been mainly documented using visual scales. However, automated segmentation of WMA provides a precise determination of the volume of WMA. Nonetheless, it is rarely used in the stroke population and its potential advantage over visual scales is still unsettled.

Neuroimaging determinants of cognitive impairment in the memory clinic: how important is the vascular burden?

While neurodegenerative and vascular neurocognitive disorder (NCD) often co-occur, the contribution of vascular lesions, especially stroke lesions identified on MRI, to global cognition in a real-life memory clinic population remains unclear. The main objective of this retrospective study was to determine NCD neuroimaging correlates: the GM atrophy pattern and vascular lesions (especially stroke lesion localization by voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping, VLSM) in a memory clinic. We included 336 patients with mild or major NCD who underwent cerebral MRI and a neuropsychological assessment.

White Matter Hyperintensities of the Corpus Callosum Are Associated With Clinical Severity in CADASIL.

Background: In CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy With Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy), clinical severity is not related to the total burden of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), presumably because of heterogeneous underlying tissue alterations. We aimed to investigate whether WMHs in the corpus callosum (WMH) are due to secondary degeneration and related to clinical severity.

Methods: We evaluated data from 228 CADASIL patients included in an ongoing prospective cohort with available 3-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging sequences.

Poststroke action slowing: Motor and attentional impairments and their imaging determinants. Evidence from lesion-symptom mapping, disconnection and fMRI activation studies.

Background And Objectives: Although action slowing is the main cognitive impairment in stroke survivors, its mechanisms and determinants are still poorly understood. The objectives of the present study were to determine the mechanisms of post-stroke action slowing (using validated, highly specific simple reaction time (SRT) and tapping tests) and identify its imaging determinants (using multivariate lesion-symptom mapping (mLSM)).

Methods: Action speed in the GRECogVASC cohort was assessed using finger tapping and SRT tests performed with both hands and analyzed using previously validated indices.

Elderly CADASIL patients with intact neurological status.

Background And Purpose: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is one of the most devastating cerebral small vessel diseases. However, despite its progression with aging, some patients remain neurologically intact (Nint) even when they get older. Their main characteristics are poorly known.