Publications by authors named "E Orang'o"
Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical cancer, and HPV vaccination is highly effective in preventing vaccine-targeted HPV infection. However, low HPV vaccination coverage in Kisumu County, Kenya, at about 10% for the first dose, highlights the critical issue of vaccine hesitancy, particularly in low and middle-income countries.
Methods: This study explores the concerns, myths and barriers to HPV vaccine uptake among adolescent girls (aged 10-14) enrolled at human immune-deficiency virus comprehensive care clinics and their parents in Kisumu County.
While the incidence of cervical cancer has dropped in high-income countries due to organized cytology-based screening programs, it remains the leading cause of cancer death among women in Eastern Africa. Therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) now urges providers to transition from widely prevalent but low-performance visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) screening to primary human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing. Due to high HPV prevalence, effective triage tests are needed to identify those lesions likely to progress and so avoid over-treatment.
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- - The study explored how perceptions impact COVID-19 vaccination uptake among 115 pregnant women in Kenya, revealing a 73% vaccination rate and 41.4% vaccine hesitancy.
- - Data collected through an online questionnaire indicated that while most participants were educated and knowledgeable about vaccines, concerns about effectiveness and discouragement from peers influenced their decisions.
- - The findings highlight the importance of addressing attitudes towards vaccination and leveraging social networks in promoting vaccine uptake, suggesting WhatsApp could effectively disseminate reliable information.
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted with 39 women in Western Kenya who have HIV and are receiving antiretroviral therapy, focusing on HIV-1 RNA levels in the genital tract.
- The research aimed to measure HIV shedding before and after treatment with cryotherapy for cervical lesions.
- Results showed that most HIV shedding occurred before cryotherapy, indicating that the treatment itself was not the main reason for the shedding.
The East Africa Consortium was formed to study the epidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical cancer and the influence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on HPV and cervical cancer, and to encourage collaborations between researchers in North America and East African countries. To date, studies have led to a better understanding of the influence of HIV infection on the detection and persistence of oncogenic HPV, the effects of dietary aflatoxin on the persistence of HPV, the benefits of antiretroviral therapy on HPV persistence, and the differences in HPV detections among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women undergoing treatment for cervical dysplasia by either cryotherapy or LEEP. It will now be determined how HPV testing fits into cervical cancer screening programs in Kenya and Uganda, how aflatoxin influences immunological control of HIV, how HPV alters certain genes involved in the growth of tumours in HIV-infected women.
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