IN VITRO FLOW ANALYSIS OF NOVEL DOUBLE-CUTTING, OPEN-PORT, ULTRAHIGH-SPEED VITRECTOMY SYSTEMS.

Purpose: To analyze the performance and flow characteristics of novel double-cutting, open-port, 23-, 25-, and 27-gauge ultrahigh-speed vitrectomy systems.

Methods: In vitro fluidic measurements were performed to assess the volumetric aspiration profiles of several vitrectomy systems in basic salt solution and egg white.

Results: Double-cutting open-port vitrectomy probes delivered stable aspiration flow rates that were less prone to flow variation affected by the cutting speed.

[Nature or nurture: effects of parental ametropia on children's refractive errors].

Purpose: The aim of this study was to quantify the degree of association between juvenile refraction errors and parental refraction status.

Methods: Using a simple questionnaire we conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence and magnitudes of refractive errors and of parental refraction status in a sample (n=728) of 10- to 18-year-old Austrian grammar school students.

Results: Students with myopia or hyperopia were more likely to have ametropic parents and refraction was more myopic in juveniles with one or two parents being ametropic.

[The significance of dynamometric findings for the prognosis of essential hypertension (author's transl)].

Prognoses for patients with hypertonic fundus changes of groups I and II (according to Wagener, Keith) are made on the basis of blood pressure levels and possible known complications. The ophthalmo-dynamometric investigations described here indicate that if the blood pressure in the ophthalmic artery is higher than might be expected from the blood pressure of the hypertonic patient, this is prognostically unfavorable, particularly in patients over 60-years-old.