Publications by authors named "E Nardell"
Introduction: Most drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) occurs due to transmission of unsuspected or ineffectively treated DR-TB. The duration of treatment to stop person-to-person spread of DR-TB is uncertain. We evaluated the impact of novel regimens, including BPaL, on DR-TB transmission using the human-to-guinea pig (H-GP) transmission model.
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- - The systematic review focused on the effectiveness and impacts of respiratory isolation for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), highlighting the lack of clear guidelines on how long isolation should last and inconsistent implementation across different settings.
- - Researchers analyzed 17 studies, finding limited direct comparisons between isolation and no isolation. Some evidence suggests isolation might reduce transmission, but studies often combined it with other interventions and did not show significant effects post-treatment initiation.
- - The review revealed significant negative consequences of isolation, including impacts on employment, education, and mental health, especially in marginalized groups, indicating that public health decisions must balance community transmission risks with the personal hardships faced by individuals with TB.
Determining the extent and duration of infectiousness of individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is critical for various aspects of TB care, including decisions regarding isolation. Studies suggest considerable heterogeneity in infectiousness of people with pulmonary TB. Pre-treatment, measures of bacillary burden including sputum smear microscopy, culture time-to-positivity, and Xpert MTB/RIF cycle threshold (Ct) value, predict the risk of transmission to contacts.
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