Simple and rapid flow cytometry assay for the detection of malignant epithelial cells in body fluids.

Introduction: Morphology is routinely used for detecting malignant cells in body fluids, but it has limitations. Recently, flow cytometry (FCM) is used as an effective tool for studying non-haematological malignancies. The main objective of this study is to standardize a simple and rapid FCM test for the detection of malignant epithelial cells in body fluids.

Multicriteria Decision-Making Technique for Choosing the Optimal Ammonia Energy Share in an Ammonia-Biodiesel-Fueled Reactivity-Controlled Compression Ignition Engine.

Low-temperature combustion paired with the use of carbon-free ammonia and carbon-neutral biofuels is a novel approach for improving performance, reducing greenhouse gases, and reducing regulated emissions. Reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI), a low-temperature combustion technology, dramatically reduces NOx and smoke emissions compared to traditional engines. Ammonia can be projected as a good transit fuel in the journey toward achieving net zero emissions and cleaner energy.

Experimental Studies to Reduce Usage of Fossil Fuels and Improve Green Fuels by Adopting Hydrogen-Ammonia-Biodiesel as Trinary Fuel for RCCI Engine.

This study investigates the feasibility of hydrogen addition to achieve lower emissions and higher thermal efficiency in an ammonia-biodiesel-fueled reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine. A single-cylinder light-duty water-cooled compression ignition (CI) engine was adapted to run in RCCI combustion with port-injected ammonia and hydrogen as low reactive fuel (LRF) and direct-injected algal biodiesel as high reactive fuel (HRF). In our earlier study, the ammonia substitution ratio (ASR) was optimized as 40%.

Investigation into the Ideal Concoction for Performance and Emissions Enhancement of Jatropha Biodiesel-Diesel with CuO Nanoparticles Using Response Surface Methodology.

The present work covers the preparation of biodiesel from jatropha oil through the transesterification process followed by its characterization, and furthermore, performance and emission analyses were done in terms of blending biodiesel with fossil diesel and CuO nanoparticles. Jatropha biodiesel blends (B10, B20, and B30) were chosen for this preliminary investigation based on the observation that B20 outperformed other blends. Next stage B20 with copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticle concentrations of 25, 50, 75, and 50 ppm are used to examine the performance and emission characteristics of a constant speed single cylinder, 4-stroke, 3.

Investigation on Ammonia-Biodiesel Fueled RCCI Combustion Engine Using a Split Injection Strategy.

Advanced combustion concepts in compression ignition are emerging as one of the most promising solutions to reduce nitrogen oxides (NO) and particle emissions without sacrificing fuel efficiency. Among many advanced combustion concepts, reactive controlled compression ignition (RCCI) can achieve a wider working range. In this study, to implement RCCI operation, ammonia gas is introduced through the manifold as a low-reactive fuel, and biodiesel is injected directly as a high-reactivity fuel with a 40:60 energy ratio.