[Problems of diagnosis of the hepatitis B virus].

The recent data on the genetic variability of the hepatitis B virus and problems of serological ELISA-mediated detection of this virus are discussed.

[Association between polymorphisms of cytokine genes and the rate of multiple sclerosis progression].

A genetic predisposition due to the polygenic system responsible for the formation of immune response plays a key role in the development of multiple sclerosis. We genotyped the following polymorphisms: TNFα (rs1800629), TNFRSF1A (rs4149584), CD40 (rs6074022 and rs11086998) using TaqMan technology. The significant genotype effect on the disability index on EDSS and rate of MS progression was found.

[Heterogeneity of hepatitis B virus and diagnostic potential of modern test systems for the detection of HBsAg].

Aim: Study heterogeneity ofhepatitis B virus in adult patients with chronic hepatitis B and determination of diagnostic potential of modern test systems with the detection of HBsAg with amino acid substitutions in the main hydrophilic region (MHR).

Materials And Methods: In 27 hepatitis B virus samples isolated from patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection living in Vladimir, nucleotide sequence ofgenome region corresponding to preS1/preS2/S genes was determined.

Results: In all of the 27 isolates genotype D virus presented by 3 subgenotypes D1, D2, D3 was detected in 18%, 26% and 56% respectively.

[Hepatitis virus genotype structure in patients with chronic hepatitis C].

Aim: Studies of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype and subtype structure in patients with chronic hepatitis C in 3 regions of the Central federal district of Russia.

Materials And Methods: Hepatitis C virus genotype and subtype structure was determined in patients with chronic HCV infection in Moscow (1993 - 1995 and 2005), Moscow region (2008) and Vladimir region (1993 -1995, 2005-2007). HCV genotype was determined by using A.