Usefulness of serum HBV RNA levels for predicting antiviral response to entecavir treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA is an important serum biomarker of hepatic covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) transcriptional activity; however, its clinical characteristics remain unclear. This study evaluated the clinical utility of HBV RNA levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Methods: We studied 87 CHB patients with serum HBV DNA levels ≥ 5.

Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Hepatitis C Virus Sustained Virologic Response Using a Random Survival Forest Model.

Purpose: Postsustained virologic response (SVR) screening following clinical guidelines does not address individual risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our aim is to provide tailored screening for patients using machine learning to predict HCC incidence after SVR.

Methods: Using clinical data from 1,028 SVR patients, we developed an HCC prediction model using a random survival forest (RSF).

[Surgical Treatment for Kommerell's Diverticulum and Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery with Stanford Type B Acute Aortic Dissection:Report of a Case].

Kommerell's diverticulum with an aberrant subclavian artery is a rare congenital aortic arch anomaly. Therefore surgical indication and strategy are not well established. A 43-year-old man was referred to our hospital with a chief complaint of chest and back pain.

Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma harbored exon 14 skipping mutation: case report.

Background: Lung mucinous adenocarcinoma has various genetic alterations, but there are no reported cases with exon 14 skipping mutations. Multiplex genetic testing is commonly assessed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and treatment usually comprises molecular targeted drugs. However, the efficacy of molecular targeted drugs in lung mucinous adenocarcinoma is not reported.

Serum IL-6 concentration is a useful biomarker to predict the efficacy of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: This study aims to identify biomarkers for treatment response of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atezo+Bev) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: 96 patients who received Atezo+Bev or lenvatinib as a first-line systemic therapy were enrolled as the training group after propensity score matching (PSM), and 42 patients treated with Atezo+Bev were enrolled as the validation group. 17 serum cytokines were measured by Luminex multiplex assay at the start of treatment.