Lung function impairment in the German Lung Cancer Screening Intervention Study (LUSI): prevalence, symptoms, and associations with lung cancer risk, tumor histology and all-cause mortality.

Background: Lung cancer screening may provide a favorable opportunity for a spirometry examination, to diagnose participants with undiagnosed lung function impairments, or to improve targeting of computed tomography (CT) screening intensity in view of expected net benefit.

Methods: Spirometry was performed in the CT screening arm (n=2,029) of the German Lung Cancer Screening Intervention Study (LUSI)-a trial examining the effects of annual CT screening on lung cancer mortality, in 50-69-year-old long-term smokers. Participants were classified as having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [forced expiration in one second (FEV)/forced vital lung capacity (FVC) <0.

The use of pseudo-MRM for a sensitive and selective detection and quantification of polycyclic aromatic compounds by tandem mass spectrometry.

Rationale: Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) is a sensitive and selective detection mode for target trace-level analysis. However, it requires the fragmentation of labile bonds which are not present in molecules such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their heterocyclic derivatives (PANHs, PASHs).

Methods: We present the application of an alternative tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) mode called "pseudo-MRM" for the GCMS/MS analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds (PACs).

Validation of multivariable lung cancer risk prediction models for the personalized assignment of optimal screening frequency: a retrospective analysis of data from the German Lung Cancer Screening Intervention Trial (LUSI).

Background: Current guidelines for lung cancer screening via low-dose computed tomography recommend annual screening for all candidates meeting basic eligibility criteria. However, lung cancer risk of eligible screening participants can vary widely, and further risk stratification could be used to individually optimize screening intervals in view of expected benefits, possible harms and financial costs. To this effect, models have been developed in the US National Lung Screening Trial based on self-reported lung cancer risk factors and imaging data.

Can autoantibody tests enhance lung cancer screening?-an evaluation of EarlyCDT-Lung in context of the German Lung Cancer Screening Intervention Trial (LUSI).

Background: Tumor-associated autoantibodies are considered promising markers for early lung cancer detection; so far, however, their capacity to detect cancer has been tested mostly in a clinical context, but not in population screening settings. This study evaluates the early detection accuracy, in terms of sensitivity and specificity, of EarlyCDT-Lung-a test panel of seven tumor-associated autoantibodies optimized for lung cancer detection-using blood samples originally collected as part of the German Lung Cancer Screening Intervention Trial.

Methods: The EarlyCDT-Lung test was performed for all participants with lung cancer detected via low-dose computed tomography and with available blood samples taken at detection, and for 180 retrospectively selected cancer-free participants at the end of follow-up: 90 randomly selected from among all cancer-free participants (baseline controls) and 90 randomly selected from among cancer-free participants with suspicious imaging findings (suspicious nodules controls).

Overdiagnosis in lung cancer screening: Estimates from the German Lung Cancer Screening Intervention Trial.

Overdiagnosis is a major potential harm of lung cancer screening; knowing its potential magnitude helps to optimize screening eligibility criteria. The German Lung Screening Intervention Trial ("LUSI") is a randomized trial among 4052 long-term smokers (2622 men), 50.3 to 71.