Cypin Inhibition as a Therapeutic Approach to Treat Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Mechanical Pain.

Cypin (cytosolic postsynaptic density protein 95 interactor) is the primary guanine deaminase in the central nervous system (CNS), promoting the metabolism of guanine to xanthine, an important reaction in the purine salvage pathway. Activation of the purine salvage pathway leads to the production of uric acid (UA). UA has paradoxical effects, specifically in the context of CNS injury as it confers neuroprotection, but it also promotes pain.

Assessment of intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs and dexamethasone for retinal diseases in real world setting: A multi-centre prospective study from Southern Italy.

Describe drug utilisation and clinical outcomes of intravitreal anti-VEGF drug and dexamethasone use in the real-world setting in Southern Italy using data from multi-centre study of retinal disease. Clinical data of retinal disease patients treated with anti-VEGF drugs and dexamethasone implant in 6 out-patient ophthalmology centres from Southern Italy were collected by means of an electronic case report form. Patients receiving at least one intravitreal injection/implant of the study drugs were followed for up to two years and described in terms of demographics and clinical characteristics.

Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Animal Models: Focus on Mechanisms, Knowledge Gaps and Future Directions.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifaceted, complex and chronic neurological disease that leads to motor, sensory and cognitive deficits. MS symptoms are unpredictable and exceedingly variable. Pain is a frequent symptom of MS and manifests as nociceptive or neuropathic pain, even at early disease stages.

How Have Intravitreal Anti-VEGF and Dexamethasone Implant Been Used in Italy? A Multiregional, Population-Based Study in the Years 2010-2016.

Purpose: To describe intravitreal anti-VEGF drug and dexamethasone use in four Italian regions.

Methods: Four regional claims databases were used to measure drug prevalence, compare dosing intervals to those recommended in the summary of product characteristics (SPC), and identify switchers. Bilateral treatment and diabetic macular edema (DME) coding algorithms were validated, linking claims with a sample of prospectively collected ophthalmological data.

Pathological pain processing in mouse models of multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury: contribution of plasma membrane calcium ATPase 2 (PMCA2).

Background: Neuropathic pain is often observed in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injury (SCI) and is not adequately alleviated by current pharmacotherapies. A better understanding of underlying mechanisms could facilitate the discovery of novel targets for therapeutic interventions. We previously reported that decreased plasma membrane calcium ATPase 2 (PMCA2) expression in the dorsal horn (DH) of healthy PMCA2 mice is paralleled by increased sensitivity to evoked nociceptive pain.