Echo intensity of the superficial part of the medial infrapatellar fat pad and medial meniscal extrusion are associated with knee symptoms in community-dwelling older adults.

Purpose: Knee pain is a characteristic symptom of early-stage knee osteoarthritis. Recently, the association between knee symptoms and infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) degeneration has garnered attention. This study aimed to clarify the association between ultrasound-derived size and echo intensity (EI) in the IFP and knee symptoms.

3,5-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol, a novel antioxidant isolated from oyster meat, inhibits the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis to regulate the stress response.

Background: Antioxidants that can scavenge reactive oxygen in the brain and inhibit hyperactivity of the HPA axis are desirable.

Aims: We investigated the cerebral translocation of the antioxidant 3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (DHMBA) and the effects of DHMBA administration on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in stress-loaded rats.

Methods: Experiment 1: Plasma and brain DHMBA concentrations were measured over time after oral DHMBA administration to male B6 mice.

AUTACs: Cargo-Specific Degraders Using Selective Autophagy.

Protein silencing represents an essential tool in biomedical research. Targeted protein degradation (TPD) strategies exemplified by PROTACs are rapidly emerging as modalities in drug discovery. However, the scope of current TPD techniques is limited because many intracellular materials are not substrates of proteasomal clearance.

Accelerated oligosaccharide absorption and altered serum metabolites during oral glucose tolerance test in young Japanese with impaired glucose tolerance.

Aims/introduction: Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a subtype of prediabetes, a condition having high risk for development to diabetes mellitus, but its pathophysiology is not fully understood. In the present study, we examined metabolic changes in IGT by using two types (D-glucose [Glc] and partial hydrolysate of starch [PHS]) of oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs), with emphasis on serum incretins and metabolites.

Materials And Methods: We carried out the two types of OGTT (Glc/OGTT and PHS/OGTT) in 99 young Japanese individuals who had tested either positive (GU ; n = 48) or negative (GU ; n = 51) for glycosuria.

Effects of a New Eyelid Shampoo on Lid Hygiene and Eyelash Length in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Comparative Open Study.

. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) can lead to abnormalities in the composition and function of tear film, resulting in dry eye. Eyelid hygiene is a key to management of MGD.