Upper GI bleeding in healthy full-term infants: a case-control study.

Objective: The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate the frequency and the type of mucosal lesions in newborn babies with upper GI bleeding (UGIB), the diagnostic role and safety of upper GI endoscopy, and the recognition of risk factors associated with the hemorrhagic event.

Methods: A population of 5180 infants born from June, 1988 to May, 1997 was examined. A case was defined as any patient who had UGIB within 4 days of delivery.

Behavioral and psychological disorders in uninfected children aged 6 to 11 years born to human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive mothers.

This study investigated the behavioral and psychological differences between 39 uninfected children born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive mothers (HIV-seroreverter [SR]) and 78 children with no family history of HIV infection. Caretakers completed the Child Behavior Checklist and the Gittelman modification of the Conners' Parent's Questionnaire, whereas children completed the Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale and the Children's Depression Inventory. In 14 SR children and 28 controls, narrative task was also evaluated.

Differential development of type 1 and type 2 cytokines and beta-chemokines in the ontogeny of healthy newborns.

Interleukin (IL)-2, interferon gamma (IFN-gamma; type 1 cytokines), IL-4, and IL-10 (type 2 cytokines), and beta-chemokines (MIP-1alpha and RANTES) production by cord blood lymphocytes (CBL) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of newborns was analyzed in a cross-sectional study to examine the maturation of these components of the immune response. Immunophenotyping was performed on the same specimens. Results showed that the CD4/CD8 ratio remains stable, the percentage of natural killer cells decreases, and the number and percentage of B cells increase after birth.

Antibiotic and cholestyramine treatment of chronic diarrhea in HIV-infected children.

Background: Chronic diarrhea is a common feature in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and is associated with an increased risk of death in these patients. To describe the effects of an empiric treatment on diarrhea and body weight on HIV-infected pediatric patients.

Patients: Eleven vertically HIV-infected children with chronic diarrhea were treated with oral gentamicin, metronidazole and cholestyramine for 3 to 5 days.