Energy efficiency of respiration in mature and newborn reindeer.

Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) have evolved elaborate nasal turbinate structures that are perfused via a complex vascular network. These are subject to thermoregulatory control, shifting between heat conservation and dissipation, according to the animal's needs. The three-dimensional design of the turbinate structures is essential in the sense that they determine the efficiency with which heat and water are transferred between the structure and the respired air.

Non-equilibrium thermodynamics as a tool to compute temperature at the catalyst surface.

The surface temperature is computed for a heterogeneous catalytic reaction model, namely the oxidation of carbon monoxide on platinum. The surface temperature was found using non-equilibrium thermodynamic theory, a theory which provides the proper dependencies between heat and mass fluxes and the reaction rate. The theory predicts a possible coupling between the reaction rate and the thermal driving force and can help extend classical reaction kinetics.

Extending the nonequilibrium square-gradient model with temperature-dependent influence parameters.

Nonequilibrium interface phenomena play a key role in crystallization, hydrate formation, pipeline depressurization, and a multitude of other examples. Square gradient theory extended to the nonequilibrium domain is a powerful tool for understanding these processes. The theory gives an accurate prediction of surface tension at equilibrium, only with temperature-dependent influence parameters.

[Impaired lung function and anemia from large hiatal hernia: a case report].

We present the clinical case of a 54 years old man who accessed for dyspnea and severe anemia. After being transfused, he underwent to gastroscopy, which showed an erosive gastritis with large hiatal hernia. The hernia was surgically reduced with laparoscopic hiatoplastic and Nissen-Rossetti fundoplication.

[A prompt diagnosis of Steinert's dystrophy in emergency unit].

Atrial fibrillation is frequently observed in Fist Aid. A rare cause is myotonic dystrophy There are two forms: Steinert's dystrophy caused by a defect of a gene myotoninaprotein kinase and Promm secondary to a defect of a Zinc Finger Protein Gene Clinical manifestations are localized in skeletal and face muscles, vitreous body, sexual glands, endocrine system, smooth muscle, central nervous system and myocardium. Sometimes, in mild and unrecognized forms of this rare disease there are arrhythmias as atrial fibrillation.