Selected Markers of Inflammation in the Saliva of Children Infected with .

has been of interest to scientists and clinicians for many years, often causing diagnostic difficulties, especially in the youngest age group, in children. The presence of this bacterium in the population depends on the geographic region. However, it is assumed that even half of the world's population may be infected with .

The Effectiveness of Probiotic and Strains in Children with Atopic Dermatitis and Cow's Milk Protein Allergy: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Study.

Probiotics seem to have promising effects in the prevention and treatment of allergic conditions including atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergy. The purpose of this multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of a probiotic preparation comprising ŁOCK 0900, ŁOCK 0908, and ŁOCK 0918 in children under 2 years of age with AD and a cow's milk protein (CMP) allergy. The study enrolled 151 children, who-apart from being treated with a CMP elimination diet-were randomized to receive the probiotic preparation at a daily dose of 10 bacteria or a placebo for three months, with a subsequent nine-month follow-up.

Pneumonia: Still a serious disease in children.

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a common opportunistic respiratory infection among children with human immunodeficiency virus and a weakened immune system. The primary infection in immunocompetent patients may be asymptomatic, whereas fever, shortness of breath, night sweats, nonproductive (dry) cough, pneumonia, progressive respiratory distress and apnea are cardinal symptoms of full-blown pneumocystis pneumonia. The diagnosis can be confirmed by histochemical staining of biological specimens or, recently, by polymerase chain reaction.

The Relationship between the Infant Gut Microbiota and Allergy. The Role of and Prebiotic Oligosaccharides in the Activation of Anti-Allergic Mechanisms in Early Life.

The increase in allergy prevalence observed in recent decades may be a consequence of early intestinal dysbiosis. The intestinal microbiota is formed in the first 1000 days of life, when it is particularly sensitive to various factors, such as the composition of the mother's microbiota, type of delivery, infant's diet, number of siblings, contact with animals, and antibiotic therapy. Breastfeeding and vaginal birth favorably affect the formation of an infant's intestinal microbiota and protect against allergy development.

Pneumocystis pneumonia: still a serious disease in children.

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a common opportunistic respiratory infection among children with human immunodeficiency virus and a weakened immune system. The primary infection in immunocompetent patients may be asymptomatic, whereas fever, shortness of breath, night sweats, nonproductive (dry) cough, pneumonia, progressive respiratory distress and apnea are cardinal symptoms of full-blown pneumocystis pneumonia. The diagnosis can be confirmed by histochemical staining of biological specimens or, recently, by polymerase chain reaction.