Introduction: Prior to any surgical intervention, obtaining informed consent is necessary. In situations where patients are unable to provide informed consent due to mental incapacity or reduced consciousness, the responsibility falls on surrogate decision-makers, typically family members. This predicament commonly arises during neurosurgical emergencies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhile linagliptin is the most potent dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor, its use is limited due to poor bioavailability and the potential risk of pancreatic injury. Here, we investigated whether the sustained weekly administration of linagliptin could provide better effect compared to frequent daily oral administration. Type 2 diabetes was induced by feeding rats a high fructose/fat/salt diet followed by STZ injection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Acrocyanosis is characterised by persistent bluish discolouration of the extremities, resulting from reduced peripheral blood flow leading to increased oxygen extraction. The aetiology can be divided into primary and secondary causes. While primary acrocyanosis is generally painless and has a benign course, secondary causes may lead to complications.
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