Atomic bonding and electrical potential at metal/oxide interfaces, a first principle study.

A number of electronic devices involve metal/oxide interfaces in their structure where the oxide layer plays the role of electrical insulator. As the downscaling of devices continues, the oxide thickness can spread over only a few atomic layers, making the role of interfaces prominent on its insulating properties. The prototypical Al/SiO metal/oxide interface is investigated using first principle calculations, and the effect of the interfacial atomic bonding is evidenced.

Investigation of helium at a YTiO nanocluster embedded in a BCC Fe matrix.

Nanostructured ferritic alloys (NFAs) are prime candidates for structural and first wall components of fission and fusion reactors. The main reason for this is their ability to effectively withstand high concentrations of the transmutation product helium. A high number density of oxide nanoclusters dispersed throughout a BCC Fe matrix act as trapping sites for helium and prevent its eventual delivery to high risk nucleation sites.

Charge carrier transport and lifetimes in n-type and p-type phosphorene as 2D device active materials: an ab initio study.

In this work, we provide a detailed analysis of phosphorene's performance as an n-type and p-type active material. This study is based on first principles calculations of the phosphorene electronic structure, and the resulting electron and hole scattering rates and lifetimes. Emphasis is put on extreme regimes commonly found in semiconductor devices, i.

Defect Tolerant Semiconductors for Solar Energy Conversion.

Defect tolerance is the tendency of a semiconductor to keep its properties despite the presence of crystallographic defects. Scientific understanding of the origin of defect tolerance is currently missing. Here we show that semiconductors with antibonding states at the top of the valence band are likely to be tolerant to defects.

[The antagonistic activity of the bacterial flora in feed in relation to the causative agent of diarrhea in calves].

Antagonistic activity of 264 strains (6 species) of aerobic bacilli as well as 45 strains (3 species) of bacteria from genera Chromobacterium and Pseudomonas has been studied. They were isolated from the fodder at the farms of Ukraine five regions in 1986-1992 in respect to 128 strains (17 species) of genera Escherichia, Proteus, Salmonella, Shigella and Pasteurella, isolated by the authors from feces of calf with symptoms of diarrhea. High antagonistic activity of Bacillus polymyxa 168 (zone of growth inhibition of test cultures of 10-20 mm) in respect of diarrhea agents was established.