Acute limb shortening or creation of an intentional deformity to aid in soft tissue closure for IIIB/IIIC open tibia fractures.

Background: Ring fixator techniques can precisely correct complex long bone deformities. In select patients, controlled shortening or intentional fracture deformation with delayed correction can also aid in complex wound coverage and limb salvage.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed all patients who underwent acute limb shortening or intentional temporary fracture deformation between 2005 and 2020.

Percutaneous Sacroiliac Screw Technique.

Remembering that preoperative planning, surgical indications, and fracture reduction are paramount for this procedure, presented here is our technique for performing percutaneous sacroiliac screws, both transiliac-transsacral and sacral style. A combination of video, still pictures, and fluoroscopy images will guide the viewer through the process we routinely use highlighting specific details. Patient positioning and intraoperative fluoroscopy imaging are critical to a successful procedure.

Postnatal ventilatory response to CO₂ in awake piglets.

Abnormal ventilatory responses to increased levels of inspired CO₂ during postnatal development may pose a risk for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, primarily during periods of vulnerability. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that in awake piglets the ventilatory response to hypercapnia would be attenuated between 10 and 15 days of age relative to younger and older ages. To test this hypothesis, we measured the ventilatory response to 5% inspired CO₂ in piglets from postnatal (PN) days 1 through PN28.

Activation of 5-HT1A receptors in medullary raphé disrupts sleep and decreases shivering during cooling in the conscious piglet.

Activation of 5-HT1A receptors in the medullary raphé decreases sympathetically mediated brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and peripheral vasoconstriction when previously activated with leptin, LPS, prostaglandins, or cooling. It is not known whether shivering is also modulated by medullary raphé 5-HT1A receptors. We previously showed in conscious piglets that activation of 5-HT1A receptors with (+/-)-8-hydroxy-2-(dipropylamino)-tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) in the paragigantocellularis lateralis (PGCL), a medullary region lateral to the raphé that contains substantial numbers of 5-HT neurons, eliminates rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and decreases shivering in a cold environment, but does not attenuate peripheral vasoconstriction.