Generating evidence on the use of Image and performance enhancing drugs in the UK: results from a scoping review and expert consultation by the Anabolic Steroid UK network.

Background: The use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) and associated image and performance enhancing drugs (IPEDs) is now a global phenomenon. There is a need to develop evidence to support the development of interventions to prevent the commencement of use, to minimise the potential harms or to support those in their cessation of use. While the United Kingdom (UK) is no exception to this issue, its public health and legislative response to the phenomenon differs to other countries and requires the examination of research specific to the UK.

Pediatric hematology/oncology healthcare professional emotional health during COVID-19.

Objectives: Little is known about the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on healthcare professional emotional health in pediatric hematology/oncology. Primary objective was to describe anxiety, depression, positive affect, and perceived stress among pediatric hematology/oncology healthcare professionals following a COVID-19 outbreak. Secondary objectives were to compare these outcomes based on contact with a positive person, and to identify risk factors for worse outcomes.

Mechanisms Underlying the Association of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Heart Failure.

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to determine why chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with heart failure (HF). Specific objectives included whether COPD is associated with myocardial fibrosis, whether myocardial fibrosis is associated with hospitalization for HF and death in COPD, and whether COPD and smoking are associated with myocardial inflammation.

Background: COPD is associated with HF independent of shared risk factors.

Why do people use new psychoactive substances? Development of a new measurement tool in six European countries.

Introduction: New psychoactive substances (NPS) pose a public health threat. Many studies have tried to identify the reasons of NPS use; however, none of them have so far used any standardised measures. The aim of this study was (i) to develop and cross-culturally validate the New Psychoactive Substance Use Motives Measure (NPSMM) and (ii) to compare motives of NPS use across countries and user types.