A Longitudinal Pediatric Primary Care Residency Tailored to Meet Workforce Need: A 10-Year Evaluation.

We started a primary care residency program intended to prepare graduates for primary care and increase entry into primary care, using time-limited funds from the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). To compare the graduates of the primary care residency program to their categorical peers, and whether they remained in the state, began primary care careers, and whether they identified as underrepresented in medicine. This is a retrospective study of a cohort of 39 residents who graduated from the University of North Carolina primary care residency program from 2014-2023.

Use of Informational Brochures on Knowledge of Cataracts in Rural Ecuador.

Background Cataracts are the leading global cause of preventable blindness. Despite the high prevalence of cataracts in rural Ecuadorian communities, no community-wide educational efforts on the impact of cataract-related blindness have been attempted. This study used an educational brochure to assess individual knowledge of cataract blindness before and after the distribution of the brochure.

Endogenous glutamate within the prelimbic and infralimbic cortices regulates the incubation of cocaine-seeking in rats.

The incubation of cue-reinforced cocaine-seeking coincides with increased extracellular glutamate within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). The vmPFC is comprised of two subregions that oppositely regulate drug-seeking, with infralimbic (IL) activity inhibiting, and prelimibic (PL) activity facilitating, drug-seeking. Thus, we hypothesized that increasing and decreasing endogenous glutamate within the IL would attenuate and potentiate, respectively, cue-reinforced drug-seeking behavior, with the converse effects observed upon manipulations of endogenous glutamate within the PL.

Reasons for Refusal of Newborn Vitamin K Prophylaxis: Implications for Management and Education.

Objective: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends intramuscular (IM) vitamin K prophylaxis for all newborns to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding. Given the serious implications of late-onset vitamin K deficiency bleeding, our objective was to examine factors influencing parents' decisions to refuse IM vitamin K prophylaxis.

Methods: Parents intending to refuse IM vitamin K prophylaxis at delivery were recruited from 5 community hospitals, 1 academic medical center, and 2 birthing centers in a single Southeastern state.