Thirst in patients admitted to intensive care units: an observational study.

Background: Despite various studies reporting a high prevalence, reaching 71%, the sensation of thirst in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, its prevention, detection, and management, is not well known nor considered. Limited research has examined the causes of thirst in ICU patients, while it has been examined in other patient populations.

Aim: To determine the incidence and intensity of thirst in patients admitted to ICU and its association with airway devices (endotracheal tube, tracheostomy, oxygen mask), airway humidification, patients' characteristics, and therapy (serum sodium concentration, hematocrit, fluid balance, possibility of oral hydration, and dosage of diuretics).

Ionized prodrugs of dehydroepiandrosterone for transdermal iontophoretic delivery.

Purpose: The aim of this work was to synthesize ionized dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) prodrugs with higher water solubility, useful for iontophoretic transdermal application.

Methods: The synthesized derivatives were characterized and tested for sensitivity to chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis. Solid state and solution stability was also determined.

Research on heterocyclic compounds. XXXVIII. Synthesis and pharmacological activity of imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine-2-carboxylic derivatives.

A series of imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine-2-carboxylic acids, esters and amides was synthesized and tested for antiinflammatory, analgesic and ulcerogenic activities. The ethyl esters were prepared by cyclocondensation of some 3-aminopyridazines with ethyl bromopyruvate, followed by hydrolysis or ammonolysis in order to obtain the corresponding acids and amides. The inhibitory activity on the carrageenan-induced edema in the rat paw and on writhes induced by acetic acid in mice was evaluated, as well as the ulcerogenic action on the rat gastric mucosa.

Research on heterocyclic compounds. XXXIII--Synthesis and analgesic activity of imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine-2-acetic acid derivatives.

A series of imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine-2-acetic esters, acids and amides was synthesized and tested for antiinflammatory, analgesic and ulcerogenic activities. The ethyl esters were prepared by cyclocondensation of some 3-aminopyridazines with ethyl 4-chloroacetoacetate, followed by hydrolysis or ammonolysis in order to obtain the corresponding acids and amides. The capacity of inhibiting the carrageenan-induced edema in the rat paw and the writhes induced by acetic acid in mice were evaluated, as well as the ulcerogenic action in rats.

Research on heterocyclic compounds. XXX. Synthesis and pharmacological activity of 2-methylimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine-3-carboxylic acids.

A group of ethyl 2-methylimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine-3-carboxylates were prepared by reaction in anhydrous ethanol of some substituted 3-amino-pyridazines with ethyl 2-chloroacetoacetate. The corresponding carboxylic acids were obtained via alkaline or acid hydrolysis and then tested both in vivo to evaluate their antiinflammatory, analgesic and ulcerogenic actions and in vitro for their ability to inhibit the prostaglandin biosynthesis. The pharmacological results are discussed in terms of both structure-activity relationships and mechanism of action.