Allelic and genotypic associations of DRD2 TaqI A polymorphism with heroin dependence in Spanish subjects: a case control study.

Background: Conflicting associations with heroin dependence have been found involving the A1 allele of dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2) TaqI A polymorphism.

Methods: We compared two samples of unrelated Spanish individuals, all of European origin: 281 methadone-maintained heroin-dependent patients (207 males and 74 females) who frequently used non-opioid substances, and 145 control subjects (98 males and 47 females).

Results: The A1-A1 genotype was detected in 7.

[Cognitive-behavioral therapy for the treatment of cocaine dependence].

The past two decades have been characterized by marked progress in the development of effective cognitive- behavioral therapies for cocaine dependence, for which no generally effective pharmacotherapies have been identified. The increasing literature on the efficacy of several types of cognitive-behavioral therapies (community reinforcement approach plus vouchers, cue exposure treatment, relapse prevention therapy and motivational interviewing) for cocaine use disorders is reviewed, followed by discussion of a number of issues that arise when integrating these cognitive-behavioral interventions into clinical practice. Overall, this review describes a vigorous area of research that has much to contribute to the treatment of cocaine use disorders.

Impaired response inhibition scale for alcoholism (IRISA): development and psychometric properties of a new scale for abstinence-oriented treatment of alcoholism.

Background: Impaired inhibition of conditioned response plays a significant role in relapse in addictive behaviors. Although patients and their relatives frequently discuss this behavioral deficit when seeking treatment, no instrument is yet available to measure its severity. The aim of this study was to develop the Impaired Response Inhibition Scale for Alcoholism (IRISA) to assess this impairment in alcohol-dependent patients.

Association of CYP2D6 ultrarapid metabolizer genotype with deficient patient satisfaction regarding methadone maintenance treatment.

Objective: The activity of cytochrome P-450 enzyme 2D6 (CYP2D6) could be related to heroin-dependent patient satisfaction with methadone maintenance treatment. We sought to compare satisfaction with the usual methadone treatment in patients who are ultrarapid, extensive or poor metabolizers, according to CYP2D6 genotyping.

Methods: Two hundred and five heroin-dependent patients filled out the Verona Service Satisfaction Scale for methadone maintenance treatment (VSSS-MT), before CYP2D6 genotyping.