Hearing impairment and vestibular function in patients with a pathogenic splice variant in the LHX3 gene.

Background: LHX3 is a gene encoding a LIM-homeodomain transcription factor important for the fetal development of several organs, such as the pituitary gland, spinal motor neurons and the inner ear. Pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in the LHX3 gene are infrequent and result in a rare syndrome known as combined pituitary hormone deficiency-3, CPHD3.

Methods: We have studied hearing and vestibular functions in a group of eight individuals, aged 8-36 years, all of whom were homozygous for a specific variant in the LHX3 gene at chromosome 9q34.

Sweden surpasses the UNAIDS 95-95-95 target: estimating HIV-1 incidence, 2003 to 2022.

BackgroundSweden reached the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target in 2015. It is important to reassess the HIV epidemiological situation due to ever-changing migration patterns, the roll-out of PrEP and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.AimWe aimed to assess the progress towards the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets in Sweden by estimating the proportion of undiagnosed people with HIV (PWHIV) and HIV incidence trends.

Operando XANES Reveals the Chemical State of Iron-Oxide Monolayers During Low-Temperature CO Oxidation.

We have used grazing incidence X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) to investigate the behavior of monolayer FeO films on Pt(111) under near ambient pressure CO oxidation conditions with a total gas pressure of 1 bar. Spectra indicate reversible changes during oxidation and reduction by O and CO at 150 °C, attributed to a transformation between FeO bilayer and FeO trilayer phases. The trilayer phase is also reduced upon heating in CO+O , consistent with a Mars-van-Krevelen type mechanism for CO oxidation.

Australia's recently established predators restore complexity to food webs simplified by extinction.

Since prehistory, humans have altered the composition of ecosystems by causing extinctions and introducing species. However, our understanding of how waves of species extinctions and introductions influence the structure and function of ecological networks through time remains piecemeal. Here, focusing on Australia, which has experienced many extinctions and introductions since the Late Pleistocene, we compared the functional trait composition of Late Pleistocene (130,00-115,000 years before present [ybp]), Holocene (11,700-3,000 ybp), and current Australian mammalian predator assemblages (≥70% vertebrate meat consumption; ≥1 kg adult body mass).