Radiation treatment methods in uveal melanoma.

Background: The most frequent primary ocular malignancy in the western world is the uveal melanoma. While it mainly affects Caucasians, it is extremely uncommon among non-Caucasians. Continuous improvement in therapies for local treatment has allowed sparing of the eye, although this approach apparently does not improve survival.

A Review of Last Decade Developments on Epiretinal Membrane Pathogenesis.

Epiretinal membrane (ERM) is a pathologic tissue that develops at the vitreoretinal interface. ERM is responsible for pathological changes of vision with varying degrees of clinical significance. It is either idiopathic or secondary to a wide variety of diseases such as proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

The Proteins of Keratoconus: a Literature Review Exploring Their Contribution to the Pathophysiology of the Disease.

Introduction: Keratoconus (KC) is a complex, genetically heterogeneous multifactorial degenerative disorder characterized by corneal ectasia and thinning. Its incidence is approximately 1/2000-1/50,000 in the general population. KC is associated with moderate to high myopia and irregular astigmatism, resulting in severe visual impairment.

Contributions of the superoxide dismutase 1 and zinc finger protein 469 (ZNF469) genes to keratoconus.

Keratoconus (KC) is a multifactorial, progressive, degenerative corneal disorder with an incidence of approximately 1 in 2,000 subjects.