The oxygen level in air directs airway epithelial cell differentiation by controlling mitochondrial citrate export.

Oxygen controls most metazoan metabolism, yet in mammals, tissue O levels vary widely. While extensive research has explored cellular responses to hypoxia, understanding how cells respond to physiologically high O levels remains uncertain. To address this problem, we investigated respiratory epithelia as their contact with air exposes them to some of the highest O levels in the body.

Talking about trauma: A systematic review of young people's reactions to trauma-focused research.

Concerns persist about the potential negative impact of asking young people about their trauma experiences in a research context. Previous research on this ethical issue has focused on adult populations, and the limited evidence for young people has limitations. This systematic review synthesised empirical evidence of young people's reactions to trauma-focused research, and associated participant and study characteristics.

Sir2 and Fun30 regulate ribosomal DNA replication timing via MCM helicase positioning and nucleosome occupancy.

The association between late replication timing and low transcription rates in eukaryotic heterochromatin is well known, yet the specific mechanisms underlying this link remain uncertain. In , the histone deacetylase Sir2 is required for both transcriptional silencing and late replication at the repetitive ribosomal DNA (rDNA) arrays. We have previously reported that in the absence of , a de-repressed RNA PolII repositions MCM replicative helicases from their loading site at the ribosomal origin, where they abut well-positioned, high-occupancy nucleosomes, to an adjacent region with lower nucleosome occupancy.

Wnt signaling drives stromal inflammation in inflammatory arthritis.

The concept that fibroblasts are critical mediators of inflammation is an emerging paradigm. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), they are the main producers of IL-6 as well as a host of other cytokines and chemokines. Their pathologic activation also directly causes cartilage and bone degradation.

Early gross motor performance is associated with concurrent prelinguistic and social development.

Background: To study how early gross motor development links to concurrent prelinguistic and social development.

Methods: We recruited a population-based longitudinal sample of 107 infants between 6 and 21 months of age. Gross motor performance was quantified using novel wearable technology for at-home recordings of infants' spontaneous activity.