Protective Effects of Recombinant Zoster Vaccine and Antiviral Therapy Against Cardiovascular Disease Following Herpes Zoster Infection.

Background: Herpes zoster (HZ) is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events, but the effect of the recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) on this risk, alone or in combination with antiviral treatment, remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of RZV on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events following HZ infection.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Optum Labs Data Warehouse.

Robotic Assisted Cleft Palate Repair Using Novel 3 mm Tools: A Reachability and Collision Analysis.

Objective: Cleft palate repair is technically challenging: visualization is reduced, delicate dissection is required, and instrument reachability is limited within the infant oral cavity using standard instruments. A 3 mm diameter pin-jointed wristed tool was developed that couples to a da Vinci Research Kit (dVRK) to perform infant cleft palate surgery.

Methods: A reachability simulation analysis was performed to determine the number of collisions (tool-tool and tool-cavity) for tool tip positions within the oral cavity and the impact of dVRK trocar height.

Nano-Investigation of Mineralized Biological Samples Chemical Composition: Experimental Challenges, Constraints, and Considerations.

Understanding the chemical composition of calcifications in biological tissues at the nanoscale is crucial for deciphering their formation processes and possible pathological implications. Atomic Force Microscopy Infrared Spectroscopy (AFM-IR), by allowing IR spectroscopy at the nanoscale, is thus a promising strategy to access such highly spatially resolved chemical information. However, these specimens' inherent morphological and mechanical heterogeneities pose significant challenges for standard resonance-enhanced (RE-AFM-IR) and tapping AFM-IR acquisition modes.

Developing a named entity framework for thyroid cancer staging and risk level classification using large language models.

We developed a named entity (NE) framework for information extraction from semi-structured clinical notes retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas-Thyroid Cancer (TCGA-THCA) database and examined Large Language Models (LLMs) strategies to classify the 8 edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging and American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk category for patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer. The NE framework consisted of annotation guidelines development, ground truth labelling, prompting approaches, and evaluation codes. Four LLMs (Mistral-7B-Instruct, Llama-3.

Macrophage SUCLA2 coupled glutaminolysis manipulates obesity through AMPK.

Obesity is regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease involving adipose tissue macrophages (ATM), but whether immunometabolic reprogramming of ATM affects obesity remains unclarified. Here we show that in ATM glutaminolysis is the fundamental metabolic flux providing energy and substrate, bridging with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, succinate-induced interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production, and obesity. Abrogation of AMPKα in myeloid cells promotes proinflammatory ATM, impairs thermogenesis and energy expenditure, and aggravates obesity in mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD).