The Complex Relationship Between Tuberculosis and Hyperglycemia.

Hyperglycemia and tuberculosis are dual global pandemics. Each has a propulsive and amplifying effect on the other, and, because of this, we must consider hyperglycemia and tuberculosis together. Hyperglycemia is immunosuppressive and increases the risk of tuberculosis by threefold.

Design, manufacture, and control of a low-cost positive airway pressure device.

Current positive airway pressure devices cost NZ$800-$2500, posing a financial barrier for the estimated 1 billion individuals worldwide with sleep apnea and those researching respiratory diseases. Increasing diagnoses and research interest in the area necessitate a low-cost, easily accessible alternative. Thus, the mePAP, a high-quality, multipurpose, low-cost (∼NZ$250) positive airway pressure device, was designed and prototyped specifically for respiratory disease research, particularly for sleep apnea.

Pulmonary function testing dataset of pressure and flow, dynamic circumference, heart rate, and aeration monitoring.

Respiratory data was collected from 20 subjects, with an even sex distribution, in the low-risk clinical unit at the University of Canterbury. Ethical consent for this trial was granted by the University of Canterbury Human Research Ethics Committee (Ref: HREC 2023/30/LR-PS). Respiratory data were collected, for each subject, over three tests consisting of: 1) increasing set PEEP from a starting point of ZEEP using a CPAP machine; 2) test 1 repeated with two simulated apnoea's (breath holds) at each set PEEP; and 3) three forced expiratory manoeuvres at ZEEP.