Systematic prediction of EMS-induced mutations in a sorghum mutant population.

The precise detection of causal DNA mutations (deoxyribonucleic acid) is very crucial for forward genetic studies. Several sources of errors contribute to false-positive detections by current variant-calling algorithms, which impact associating phenotypes with genotypes. To improve the accuracy of mutation detection, we implemented a binning method for the accurate detection of likely ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutations in a sequenced mutant population.

Forward Genetics by Sequencing EMS Variation-Induced Inbred Lines.

In order to leverage novel sequencing techniques for cloning genes in eukaryotic organisms with complex genomes, the false positive rate of variant discovery must be controlled for by experimental design and informatics. We sequenced five lines from three pedigrees of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized , including a pedigree segregating a recessive dwarf mutant. Comparing the sequences of the lines, we were able to identify and eliminate error-prone positions.

Risk factors and management of Nuss bar infections in 1717 patients over 25 years.

Purpose: An increase in postoperative infections after Nuss procedures led us to seek risks and review management. We report potential risk factors and make inferences for prevention of infections.

Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective chart review was used to evaluate demographic, clinical, surgical, and postoperative variables of patients operated on between 10/1/2005 and 6/30/2013.

Natural variation at sympathy for the ligule controls penetrance of the semidominant Liguleless narrow-R mutation in Zea mays.

Leaf architecture determines plant structural integrity, light harvesting, and economic considerations such as plant density. Ligules, junctions at the leaf sheath and blade in grasses, protect stalks from environmental stresses and, in conjunction with auricles, controls leaf angle. Previous studies in mutants have recessive liguleless mutants (lg1 and lg2) and dominant mutations in knotted1-like homeobox genes (Lg3-O, Lg4, and Kn1) involved in ligule development.