Association between sleep timing and meal and snack patterns in schoolchildren in southern Brazil.

This study aimed to identify meal and snack patterns and assess their association with sleep timing in schoolchildren. This is a cross-sectional study carried out in 2018/2019 with 1333 schoolchildren aged 7-14 years from public and private schools in Florianópolis, Brazil. Previous-day dietary intake data for breakfast, mid-morning snack, lunch, mid-afternoon snack, dinner and evening snack were collected using a validated online questionnaire.

Identification of distinct phenotypes and improving prognosis using metabolic biomarkers in COVID-19 patients.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the levels of adipokines and other endocrine biomarkers and patient outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Methods: In a prospective study that included 213 subjects with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit, we measured the levels of cortisol, C-peptide, glucagon-like peptide-1, insulin, peptide YY, ghrelin, leptin, and resistin.; their contributions to patient clustering, disease severity, and predicting in-hospital mortality were analyzed.

Avoidable COVID-19-related deaths and hospitalizations in Brazil, 2020-2023.

Objective: To estimate the number of avoidable COVID-19 deaths and hospitalizations in Brazil.

Methods: Secondary data on COVID-19 deaths and hospitalizations were related to two measures of cumulative vaccine coverage (in the last six months and before this period) by negative binomial regression to estimate population-level protective effectiveness (PLPE) against severe disease. The latter includes the overall protective effect of all COVID-19-preventive measures, such as direct and indirect vaccine effectiveness, social distancing, and lockdown, but only the vaccine coverage data were available for the regression analysis.

Food patterns associated with overweight in 7-11-year old children: machine-learning approach.

Longitudinal study, whose objective was to present a better strategy and statistical methods, and demonstrate its use with the data across the 2013-2015 period in schoolchildren aged 7 to 11 years, covered with the same food questionnaire (WebCAAFE) survey in Florianopolis, southern Brazil. Six meals/snacks and 32 foods/beverages yielded 192 possible combinations denominated meal/snack-Specific Food/beverage item (MSFIs). LASSO algorithm (LASSO-logistic regression) was used to determine the MSFIs predictive of overweight/obesity, and then binary (logistic) regression was used to further analyze a subset of these variables.