Cortical lesions impact cognitive decline in multiple sclerosis via volume loss of nonlesional cortex.

Objective: To assess the interrelationship between cortical lesions and cortical thinning and volume loss in people with multiple sclerosis within cortical networks, and how this relates to future cognition.

Methods: In this longitudinal study, 230 people with multiple sclerosis and 60 healthy controls underwent 3 Tesla MRI at baseline and neuropsychological assessment at baseline and 5-year follow-up. Cortical regions (N = 212) were divided into seven functional networks.

In vivo evidence for cell body loss in cortical lesions in people with multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To quantify alterations in soma and neurite density imaging measures within and surrounding cortical lesions in people with multiple sclerosis using in vivo high-gradient diffusion MRI.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 41 people with multiple sclerosis and 34 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent 3 T high-gradient diffusion MRI. Cortical lesions were segmented on artificial intelligence-enabled double inversion recovery images.

Age-related alterations in human cortical microstructure across the lifespan: Insights from high-gradient diffusion MRI.

The human brain undergoes age-related microstructural alterations across the lifespan. Soma and Neurite Density Imaging (SANDI), a novel biophysical model of diffusion MRI, provides estimates of cell body (soma) radius and density, and neurite density in gray matter. The goal of this cross-sectional study was to assess the sensitivity of high-gradient diffusion MRI toward age-related alterations in cortical microstructure across the adult lifespan using SANDI.

Digital outcome measures are associated with brain atrophy in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Digital monitoring of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) using smartphone-based monitoring tools is a promising method to assess disease activity and progression.

Objective: To study cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between active and passive digital monitoring parameters and MRI volume measures in PwMS.

Methods: In this prospective study, 92 PwMS were included.

Subtypes and location of (juxta)cortical lesions relate to cognitive dysfunction in people with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Cortical lesion subtypes' occurrence and distribution across networks may shed light on cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: In 332 people with MS, lesions were classified as intracortical, leukocortical or juxtacortical based on artificially generated double inversion-recovery images.

Results: CI-related leukocortical lesion count increases were greatest within sensorimotor and cognitive networks ( < 0.