Importance: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) is available for treatment of highly active multiple sclerosis (MS).
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of AHSCT vs fingolimod, natalizumab, and ocrelizumab in relapsing-remitting MS by emulating pairwise trials.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This comparative treatment effectiveness study included 6 specialist MS centers with AHSCT programs and international MSBase registry between 2006 and 2021.
Background: COVID-19 vaccination and infection are speculated to increase the activity of immune-mediated diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). The aim of this study was to evaluate a short-term risk of relapse after COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 infection in patients with these demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system and to determine disease exacerbation risk factors.
Methods: Data in this retrospective, observational cohort study was collected via the Czech nationwide registry ReMuS from March 1, 2020, to October 30, 2021.
Background: The utility of blood-brain barrier (BBB) biomarkers for clinical and magnetic resonance imaging progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) has not been extensively investigated.
Objectives: To determine whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measures of BBB at clinical onset predict radiological and clinical deterioration over 48 months.
Methods: This longitudinal study included 182 patients after first clinical event suggestive of MS treated with weekly intramuscular interferon beta-1a.