Primary umbilical endometriosis: case report and literature review.

We present a case of primary endometriosis of the umbilicus in a young nulliparous patient without any previous history of abdominal or pelvic surgery. Primary endometriosis of extra pelvic sites is unusual while umbilical endometriosis is quite rare. Diagnosis of endometriosis is difficult to obtain and sometimes diagnoses can be false-positive or false-negative.

Seronegative myasthenia gravis and Graves' disease. Is there a link?

Graves' disease (GD) and myasthenia gravis (MG) are common autoimmune diseases but their coexistence is very rare. They may possibly share the same pathogenetic mechanisms. Recent research has shown the involvement of autoantibodies, lymphocytes, cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis of MG and GD.

Environmental endocrine disruptors and obesity.

Unlabelled: Obesity has recently become an epidemic. The rise in the childhood obesity incidence is of particular concern. High density caloric diets and physical inactivity are the main causes of obesity.