Streaming Potential with Ideally Polarizable Electron-Conducting Substrates.

With nonconducting substrates, streaming potential in sufficiently broad (vs Debye screening length) capillaries is well known to be a linear function of applied pressure (and coordinate along the capillary). This study for the first time explores streaming potential with ideally polarizable electron-conducting substrates and shows it to be a nonlinear function of both coordinate and applied pressure. Experimental manifestations can be primarily expected for streaming potentials arising along thin porous electron-conducting films experiencing solvent evaporation from the film side surface.

Analysis of Membrane Transport Equations for Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) Using Irreversible Thermodynamics.

Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is an electro-membrane process for the conversion of mixing energy into electricity. One important problem researchers' face when modeling the RED process is the choice of the proper membrane transport equations. In this study, using experimental data that describe the membrane Nafion 120 in contact with NaCl aqueous solutions, the linear transport equation of irreversible thermodynamics was applied to calculate the power density of the RED system.

Modelling nanofiltration of electrolyte solutions.

This review critically examines current models for nanofiltration (NF) of electrolyte solutions. We start from linear irreversible thermodynamics, we derive a basic equation set for ion transfer in terms of gradients of ion electrochemical potentials and transmembrane volume flux. These equations are extended to the case of significant differences of thermodynamic forces across the membrane (continuous version of irreversible thermodynamics) and solved in quadratures for single salts and trace ions added to single salts in the case of macroscopically-homogeneous membranes.

Asymmetric electroosmotic pumping across porous media sandwiched with perforated ion-exchange membranes.

To have non-zero net flow in AC electroosmotic pumps, the electroosmosis (EO) has to be non-linear and asymmetric. This can be achieved due to ionic concentration polarization. This is known to occur close to micro-/nano-interfaces provided that the sizes of the nanopores are not too large compared to the Debye screening length.