The role of dietary supplements during cancer therapy.

This guide was compiled after recommendations by the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) Cancer Resource Advisory Council. It encompasses the AICR position on current issues in nutrition for cancer survivors during treatment and is intended to provide advice about dietary supplements for cancer survivors who are still being treated. Current scientific findings about the safety and effectiveness of some commonly used dietary antioxidants and nonantioxidant supplements during chemotherapy are presented and assessed.

Chemoprevention of cancer: a brief review.

Chemoprevention of cancer can react on simple measures, such as eliminating exposures, to using complicated molecular structures in patients. Over the long term, avoiding tobacco use and eating a diet high in fruits, vegetables and whole grains are relatively effective personal means to prevent cancer.

Multicomponent criteria for predicting carcinogenicity: dataset of 30 NTP chemicals.

This article is in response to the challenge issued to the scientific community by the National Toxicology Program to predict the carcinogenicity potential of 30 chemicals previously selected for long-term carcinogenicity testing. Utilizing the available toxicologic, genetic, and structural information on 30 chemicals previously selected for long-term carcinogenicity testing, we predict that 16 chemicals (53%) would induce some indication of carcinogenic activity in rodents; we further predict that 10 chemicals (33%) would be associated with weak or equivocal carcinogenic responses, and another 4 (13%) would give no indication of carcinogenicity. Our level of certainty is indicated for many of these predictions.

Predictive strategies for selecting 379 NCI/NTP chemicals evaluated for carcinogenic potential: scientific and public health impact.

The a priori criteria used by the National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program (NCI/NTP) are described for 379 chemicals selected and evaluated for carcinogenic potential. We classified the chemicals according to exposure and structural categories and evaluated the predictive ability of the scientific selection criteria of chemicals suspected of being carcinogenic in advance of any study. Of the 379 chemicals, 253 (67%) were selected with a suspicion of carcinogenicity; 171 (68%) of these 253 chemicals induced cancer in at least one of the sex-species experiments.