Effects of the fungicide ortho-phenylphenol (OPP) on the early development of sea urchin eggs.

In this study, we assessed the impact of imidazole fungicide ortho-phenylphenol (OPP) on the early development of a marine invertebrate, the sea urchin, a marine bioindicator. Fungicides are widely used and have been reported to accumulate not only in farm soil but also in freshwater and seawater sediments. Therefore, it is essential to clarify the effects of OPP on marine environments.

Anti-Ice Nucleation Activities of Tyrosine Peptide.

　We investigated whether trimers of serine, threonine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine which may interact with water molecules and ice, show anti-ice nucleation activity. Only tyrosine trimer had high levels of anti-ice nucleation activity (10.10±0.

Anti-Ice Nucleation Activities of Adenine and Poly-A Nucleotides.

　Most of the ice nucleation activity inhibitor reported so far are compounds processing the hydroxyl group such as the polyphenolic derivative. After examining the anti-ice nucleation activity of the purine base, the highest compound is theophylline, and the activity showed 3.80±0.

Characterization of Anti-Ice Nucleation Activity of the Extract from Coffee Refuse.

　The supercooling-facilitating (SCF) activities, that is, the anti-ice nucleation activity of the hot water extracts from five types of processed food refuse was examined. The extract with the highest activity among five hot water extracts was coffee refuse, showing 1.50℃ of SCF activity at a final concentration of 0.

Stereotactic radiosurgery of intracranial tumors: a comparison of intensity-modulated radiosurgery and dynamic conformational arc.

Purpose: Intensity-modulated radiosurgery (IMRT) and dynamic conformational arc (DCA) are two techniques for linac-stereotactic radiosurgery using the micro-multileaf collimator. The objective of this study is to examine advantages and disadvantages of these techniques in the treatment of treatment of intracranial tumors.

Materials And Methods: SRS treatment plans were developed for 21 patients with vestibular schwannoma, glomus jugulare, pituitary adenoma and cavernous sinus meningioma.