Covert Vascular Brain Injury and Cognitive Dysfunction Among Chinese Adults Living in Canada and China: The CAHHM and PURE-MIND Studies.

Background And Objective: It is unclear whether variation in covert cerebrovascular disease prevalence is attributable to ethnic differences or to other factors. We aimed to examine the associations of country of residence with covert vascular brain injury (VBI) and cognitive dysfunction among Chinese adults residing in Canada and China.

Methods: This was a multisite cross-sectional study of Chinese adults aged 40-80 years in the Canadian Alliance for Healthy Hearts and Healthy Minds (CAHHM; January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2018) and Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiological-Mind (PURE-MIND; November 1, 2010, to July 31, 2015) cohorts living in Canada and China.

TAK-994 Mechanistic Investigation into Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

The frequency of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in clinical trials remains a challenge for drug developers despite advances in human hepatotoxicity models and improvements in reducing liver-related attrition in preclinical species. TAK-994, an oral orexin receptor 2 agonist, was withdrawn from phase II clinical trials due to the appearance of severe DILI. Here, we investigate the likely mechanism of TAK-994 DILI in hepatic cell culture systems examined cytotoxicity, mitochondrial toxicity, impact on drug transporter proteins, and covalent binding.

A yeast-assembled, plasmid-launched reverse genetics system for the murine coronavirus MHV-A59.

The murine hepatitis virus (MHV) is an important model system for studying coronavirus (CoV) molecular and cell biology. Despite this, few reagents for MHV are available through repositories such as ATCC or Addgene, potentially limiting the widespread adoption of MHV as a tractable model system. To overcome some challenges inherent in the existing MHV reverse genetics systems, we developed a plasmid-launched transformation-associated recombination (TAR) cloning-based system to assemble the MHV (strain A59; MHV-A59) genome.

Public Health.

Background: Individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 may continue to experience symptoms long after infection. Research suggests that the COVID-19 virus may be linked to brain pathology and dementia risk, possibly due to neurological complications and long-term cognitive effects. Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) is an early indicator of dementia risk characterized by later life onset of persistent changes in behavior or personality.

Public Health.

Background: Disease modifying therapies (DMTs) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been approved in some countries although these treatments will require substantial health resources for their implementation. Initial capacity planning to identify the resources required to support DMTs begins with estimating the number of people with dementia who may be eligible for DMTs. We estimated the potential number of individuals with dementia who are eligible for DMTs using population-based data in Alberta, Canada.